Uncovering Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL)-Producing Enterobacteriaceae: A Review of Mastitic Milk in Dairy Farming

Authors

  • Jamilu Garba Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, P.M.B. 2346, Sokoto, Sokoto State, Nigeria.
  • Sulaiman Ya’u Muhammad Department of Agricultural Education, School of Vocational and Technical Education, Sa’adatu Rimi College of Education, Kumbotso, Kano State, Nigeria.
  • Barka John Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maiduguri, P.M.B. 1069, Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria.
  • Abdullahi Mohammed Sheikh Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maiduguri, P.M.B. 1069, Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria.
  • Ismaila Akeem Adesola Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, P.M.B. 2346, Sokoto, Sokoto State, Nigeria.
  • Maina Babagana Bukar Department of Agricultural Technology, Federal Polytechnic Monguno, P.M.B. 1066, Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria.
  • Babagana Kachalla Kayeri Department of Veterinary Parasitology and Entomology, University of Maiduguri, P.M.B. 1069, Borno State, Nigeria.
  • Hadiza Isah Hasfat Model Academy, Behind Mobil Filling Station, Gesse Phase 3, Birnin Kebbi, Kebbi State, Nigeria.
  • Kwata Veronica John Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maiduguri, P.M.B. 1069, Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria.
  • Musa Kalim Adam Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, P.M.B 1069 Borno State, Nigeria.
  • Abolaji Olaitan Kabir Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Clinical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, P.M.B. 2346, Sokoto, Sokoto State, Nigeria.
  • Usman Shehu Yakubu Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Agriculture Zuru, P.M.B. 28, Zuru Kebbi State, Nigeria.
  • Aminu Abdullah Mainasara Center for Advanced Medical Research and Training, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, P.M.B. 2346, Sokoto, Sokoto State, Nigeria.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.54987/jebat.v8i2.1184

Keywords:

Extended-spectrum β-lactamase, E. coli, K. pneumoniae, Antimicrobial resistance, Mastitis

Abstract

understand the transmission mechanisms of ESBL genes in Dairy Farming. This systematic review compiles recent evidence on the prevalence, predisposing factors, genetic characteristics, and antimicrobial resistance patterns of ESBL-producing bacteria discovered from livestock, particularly on dairy cattle and infections related to mastitis. The meta-analysis indicates that ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae, Escherichia coli, was recorded in 54.1% of milk samples (95% CI: 44.1- 63.9%), and Klebsiella pneumoniae was recorded at 24.1-53.3%. This review focused only on Enterobacteriaceae organisms in Sub-Saharan Africa, which had the highest rates, especially in Nigeria (66.4%). Presence of blaTEM and blaCTX-M genes in both humans and animals indicates potential transmission between species. Findings suggest a widespread occurrence of ESBL-Producing Enterobacteriaceae in livestock populations, with considerable genetic diversity and resistance profiles that improve therapeutic management. Several studies highlighted the potential for zoonotic spread through direct animal contact and consumption of contaminated milk. These findings underscore the urgent need for harmonized surveillance systems, standard prevention strategies, and a One Health approach to reduce antimicrobial resistance. Future research should focus on longitudinal surveillance and consider the role of environmental and farm management factors to elucidate antimicrobial resistance dynamics.

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Published

2025-12-31

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Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025)

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Articles

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Copyright (c) 2025 Jamilu Garba, Sulaiman Ya’u Muhammad, Barka John, Abdullahi Mohammed Sheikh, Ismaila Akeem Adesola, Maina Babagana Bukar, Babagana Kachalla Kayeri, Hadiza Isah, Kwata Veronica John, Musa Kalim Adam, Abolaji Olaitan Kabir, Usman Shehu Yakubu, Aminu Abdullah Mainasara

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How to Cite

Uncovering Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL)-Producing Enterobacteriaceae: A Review of Mastitic Milk in Dairy Farming. (2025). Journal of Environmental Bioremediation and Toxicology, 8(2), 13-21. https://doi.org/10.54987/jebat.v8i2.1184