Assessment of Selected Herbicides and Chelating Agents in Water Using Gas Chromatography-Electron Capture Detector (GC-ECD)

Authors

  • Siti Fadhilah Abd. Rahim Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
  • Normala Masrom Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
  • Muhamad Cyrill Kamal Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
  • Khairul Basyar Baharudin Deputy Dean Office (Research and Post Graduate Study), Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
  • Norliza Abu Bakar iotechnology Research Centre, Malaysian Agricultural Research and Development Institute, G.P.O. Box 12301, 50774 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
  • Noor Azmi Shaharuddin Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.54987/bstr.v3i1.250

Abstract

Water contamination by herbicides and chelating agents is increasing mainly due to the increasing agricultural activities. Water contamination by these compounds has become a concern due to their adverse effects to the environment and humans. Seven sampling sites of water sources in Selangor and Johor were chosen for the study. Contamination level of Mecoprop (MCCP), Nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA) and Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) in these water body areas was determined by using Gas Chromatography-Electron Capture Detector (GC-ECD). Our results indicated that water samples of Sungai Melot in Selangor showed the highest presence of EDTA. MCCP was detected at a high level at Sungai Sarang Buaya, Johor while NTA showed similar level of concentration at three different sites, Ladang 10, Ladang Sayur and Mardi, Selangor

References

Konstantinou IK, Hela DG, Albanis TA. The status of pesticide

pollution in surface waters (rivers and lakes) of Greece. Part I.

Review on occurrence and levels. Environ Pollut. 2006; 14:555–

Rodriguez-Mozaz S, Alda MJL, Barcelo D. Monitoring of

estrogens, pesticides and bisphenol A in natural waters and drinking

water treatment plants by solid-phase extraction–liquid

chromatography–mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A. 2004;

:85–92.

Rola AC, Pingali PL. Pesticides, rice productivity, and farmers'

health. International Rice Research Institute, Manila. 1993.

Rahman A, Hassan MS, Choudhary SS, Ni MI, Clardy, CZ. P.:

Nigellidine – A new indazol alkaloid from the seeds of Nigella

sativa. Tetrahedron Lett. 1995; 36:1993–1996

Hassal KA. Biochemistry and uses of pesticides. Macmillan Press

Ltd. 1990.

Leong KH, Tan LLB, Mustafa AM. Contamination levels of

selected organochlorine and organophosphate pesticides in the

Selangor River, Malaysia between 2002 and 2003. Chemosphere.

; 66:1153-1159.

US EPA. Pesticides and toxic substances. Guidance for the

registration of products containing mecoprop (MCPP) as the active

ingredient. Washington, D. C.1998; 6.

Barcelo D, Hennion MC. Sampling of polar pesticides from water

matrices. Anal Chim Acta. 1997; 338:3-18.

Tankiewicz M, Fenik J, Biziuk M. Solventless and solventminimized

sample preparation techniques for determining currently

used pesticides in water samples: a review. Talanta. 2011; 86:8–22.

Donaldson GC, Seemungal TAR, Bhowmik A, Wedzicha JA.

Relationship between exacerbation frequency and lung function

decline in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Thorax. 2002;

:847–852.

Ware LB, Matthay MA. The acute respiratory distress syndrome, J

Med. 2000; 342:1334–1349.

National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. Registry of

toxic effects of chemical substances: propionic acid, 2-((4-chloro-otolyl)

oxyl). 1997. www.cdc.gov/niosh/rtecs/ue94c5f0.html.

Elo HA, Luoma T, Ylitalo P. Inhibition of human and rabbit platelet

aggregation by chlorophenoxy herbicides. Arch Toxicol. 1991;

:140–144.

Pietsch J, Schmidt W, Sacher F, Fichtner S, Brauch HJ. Pesticides

and other organic micro pollutants in the River Elbe. Fresen J Anal

Chem. 1995; 353:75-82.

Sillanpaa M. Environmental fate of EDTA and DTPA. Environ

Contam Toxicol. 1997; 152:85–111.

Oviedo C, Rodriguez J. EDTA: The chelating agent under

environmental scrutiny. Quim Nova. 2003; 26(6):901-905.

Hart SR. A large-scale isotope anomaly in the southern hemisphere

mantle. 1984; 309:753–757.

Means JL, Crerar DA, Duguid JO. Migration of radioactive wastes:

radionuclide mobilization by complexing agents. J Sci. 1978;

:1477–1481.

Tubbing DMJ, Cleven RFMJ, Iqbal M, Meent DVD, Verweij W.

The contribution of complexed copper to the metabolic inhibition of

algae and bacteria in synthetic media and river water. Water Res.

; 28:37–44.

Barnett BL, Uchtmann VA. Structural investigations of calciumbinding

molecules. 4. Calcium binding to aminocarboxylates.

Crystal structures of Ca(CaEDTA).7H2O and Na(CaNTA). Inorg

Chem. 1979; 18(10):2674–2678.

Tarone RE, Chu KC, Ward JM. Variability in the rates of some

common naturally occuring tumors in fischer 344 rats and

(C57BL/6N X C3H/HeN)F1 (B6C3F1) Mice. J Natl Cancer Inst.

; 66:1175-1182.

Tankiewicz M, Morrison C, Biziuk M. Multi-residue method for the

determination of 16 recently used pesticides from various chemical

groups in aqueous samples by using DI-SPME coupled with GCMS.

Talanta. 2013; 107: 1-10.

Bonansea RI, Ame MV, Wunderlin DA. Determination of priority

pesticides in water samples combining SPE and SPME coupled to

GC-MS. A case study: Suquia River Basin (Argentina).

Chemosphere. 2013; 90:1860-1869.

D’Archivio M, Filesi C, Benedetto RD, Gargiulo R, Giovannini C,

Masella R. Polyphenols, dietary sources and bioavailability. Ann Ist

Super Sanita. 2007; 43(4):348-361

Raposo Junior JL, Repoppi N. Determination of organochlorine

pesticides in ground water samples using solid-phase

microextraction by gas chromatography-electron capture detection.

Talanta. 2007; 72:1833–1841.

Thompson JD, Plewniak F, Poch O. BAliBASE: A benchmark

alignment database for the evaluation of multiple alignment

programs. Bioinformatics. 1999; 15:87–88.

Karakas SY. Validation and uncertainty assessment of rapid

extraction and clean-up methods for the determination of 16

organochlorine pesticide residues in vegetables, Anal Chim Acta.

; 571:298-307.

Tan BLL, Mustafa AM. The monitoring of pesticides and

alkylphenols in selected rivers in the State of Selangor, Malaysia.

Asia Pac J Public Health. 2004; 16:54-63.

Donald DB, Cessna AJ, Sverko E, Glozier NE. Pesticides in surface

drinking-water supplies of the northern great plains. Environ Health

Persp. 2007; 115(8):1183-1191.

Downloads

Published

2015-11-02

How to Cite

Abd. Rahim, S. F., Masrom, N., Kamal, M. C., Baharudin, K. B., Bakar, N. A., & Shaharuddin, N. A. (2015). Assessment of Selected Herbicides and Chelating Agents in Water Using Gas Chromatography-Electron Capture Detector (GC-ECD). Bioremediation Science and Technology Research, 3(1), 26–30. https://doi.org/10.54987/bstr.v3i1.250

Issue

Vol. 3 No. 1 (2015)

Section

Articles

License

Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:

  1. Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0) that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
  2. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
  3. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).